Page 164 - Elana Freeland - Under an Ionized Sky

But the Space Fence radar network that includes SuperDARN is not just about the new (like
the Kwajalein Atoll installation mentioned earlier) but about recalibrating (“upgrading”) the old,
like the Raytheon AN/FPS-115 “PAVE PAWS” phased-array missile-warning radars once in
service to Strategic Air Command’s Directorate of Space and Missile Warning Systems
(SAC/SX) during the SDI buildup in the early 1980s. Mounted on a ziggurat model, the
octagonal radar panels are ninety feet in diameter and can detect targets three thousand miles
away. Originally, there were four PAVE PAWS in CONUS but now there are thirteen on or
below 33°N, with one in Anchorage, Alaska and two at USAF Thule Air Base in Greenland
(76°N) and RAF Fylingdales in the UK (54°N). While we are told PAVE PAWS has a narrow 5
MHz bandwidth and not to worry, the truth is the move from analog to digital has superseded the
large/small bandwidth game. 133
Recently, powerful radar units—again, like ionospheric heaters—have gone mobile.
According to Raytheon propaganda, ballistic missiles of “rogue regimes” (excluding the U.S.,
NATO nations, Russia, and China) are now developing nuclear, chemical / biological warheads
that only X-band radar (8–12 GHz) will be able to detect in real time. In forward-based mode
(FBX-T), Raytheon’s extremely powerful long-range AN/TPY-2 X-Band radar on wheels
searches the sky, detects, tracks, discriminates phase of flight, then informs Command and
Control Battle Management. If the radar is deployed in terminal mode, AN/TPY-2 will not
inform Command and Control but will on its own cognizance launch a THAAD (terminal high
altitude area defense) interceptor missile. 134 Task Force Talon, the world’s only deployed
THAAD battery site, is on the American Territory of Guam while its three Delta 2 THAAD
Batteries rotate out of Fort Bliss, Texas.

As part of the military shift to the Pacific ordered by President Obama, the military should deploy a second THAAD
battery from Fort Bliss to Guam, create a new Army Air Defense Brigade, and provide additional Patriot Batteries in
the Pacific. These critical elements are needed for strategic deterrence and reassurance, and to enhance the limited
135
resources of our Pacific allies and ourselves.

“The military shift to the Pacific ordered by President Obama” is in part to provide protection
for the Kwajalein Atoll installation, as well as to send a message to BRICS nations that U.S.
presence is not going away.
Also mobile are electronic warfare (EW) programs, given that “the war of electrons may
decide the outcome of the war of missiles.” 136 What this means is that warfare is no longer
necessarily kinetic (shooting a missile with a missile) but can be as simple as a communication
between an EA-18G Growler jet and its on-the-ground Next Generation Jammers. Russia is
pursuing a similar course of ground-based and offshore “automated real-time intelligence data
exchange with airspace defense task force. . .jamming and influencing adversaries’ command
and control systems at long-range by emitting a complex, powerful digital signal.” 137

Electronic warfare (EW) is any action involving the use of the electromagnetic spectrum or directed energy to control
the spectrum, attack of an enemy, or impede enemy assaults via the spectrum. The purpose of electronic warfare is to
deny the opponent the advantage of, and ensure friendly unimpeded access to, the EM spectrum. EW can be applied
from air, sea, land, and space by manned and unmanned systems, and can target humans, communications, radar, or
other assets. 138

DARPA’s Mobile Hotspots program fits in nicely with Growlers and jammers. High-speed
millimeter-wave backhaul networks (1 Gb/s) mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in
remote, forward-operating geography with little or no connectivity to tactical operation centers